Chemical watchdog says US to destroy Syria stockpile at sea

The Hague (AFP) - The United States will destroy the most dangerous of Syria's chemical weapon stockpile on a ship at sea, the world's chemical watchdog said on Saturday.

"The neutralisation operations will be conducted on a US vessel at sea using hydrolysis," the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons said in a statement.
"Currently a suitable naval vessel is undergoing modifications to support the operations and to accommodate verification activities by the OPCW," The Hague-based watchdog added.
The ship operation will destroy what is known as "priority chemical weapons", the most dangerous of Syria's total arsenal and ones that have to be out of the country by December 31 under an international deal agreed to avert military strikes on Damascus.
OPCW spokesman Michael Luhan on Saturday declined to name the navy vessel to be used.
OPCW member states have been thrashing out the details of how to destroy Damascus's arsenal ahead of the watchdog's annual meeting set to start on Monday.
A final plan for the destruction of Syria's chemical weapons -- on land or at sea -- is due to be approved by December 17.
Sigrid Kaag, the top UN official from the joint UN-OPCW mission, confirmed the use of a US ship to render Syria's most dangerous chemical weapons unusable through a dilution process known as hydrolysis, and said the resulting byproducts would be destroyed by commercial companies.

View gallery."

Civilians inspect the Immigration and Passport building that was damaged by what activists say was a …

"The chemical effluents, what is left when destroyed, will be treated in countries through a number of companies," she told reporters in Damascus.
The US vessel "will not be in Syrian territorial waters," she added.
The OPCW earlier this month adopted a final roadmap for ridding Syria of its arsenal of more than 1,000 tonnes of dangerous chemicals by mid-2014.
According to this roadmap, the "priority" weapons have to be removed from Syria by December 31 and destroyed by April 2014 and the rest by mid-2014.
The OPCW said on Saturday that 35 commercial companies have expressed an interest in destroying the lower priority, less dangerous weapons.
The watchdog's director-general Ahmet Uzumcu said the various companies will now undergo evaluation before a suitable candidate is found.
"The companies bidding for participation in the disposal process will be required to comply with all applicable international and national regulations pertaining to safety and the environment," Uzumcu added.
Chemical weapons experts in the past have expressed concern over the incineration of chemical weapons at sea due to the risk of toxins that may land up in the water.
Despite international consensus on destroying the chemicals outside war-wracked Syria, no country had volunteered to have them destroyed on its soil.
Syria is cooperating with the disarmament and has already said it had 1,290 tonnes of chemical weapons and precursors, or ingredients, as well as over 1,000 unfilled chemical munitions, such as shells, rockets or mortars.
A team of UN-OPCW inspectors has been on the ground since October checking Syria's weapons and facilities.
The destruction of declared chemical weapons production facilities was completed last month and all chemicals and precursors placed under seal, the OPCW said last month ahead of a November 1 deadline backed by a UN Security Council resolution.
Some chemical weapons are destroyed through a process called hydrolysis, in which agents, like detergents, are used to neutralise chemicals such as mustard gas and sulphur, resulting in liquid waste known as effluent.
Nerve gases such as sarin are often better destroyed through incineration.
The OPCW has before requested that 798 tonnes of chemicals needed to be disposed of, as well as 7.7 million litres of effluent.

Read More →

Fat bikes going big in Colorado

The silly-looking bikes are becoming increasingly accepted in Colorado mountain biking country

Fat Bike East Side Epic race; photo by Leaf Treinen

People are over the silly factor. Big, fat tires. Big, fat deal. While still a relatively small market, fat bikes are the fastest growing segment in the bike industry.
In Colorado, anything that keeps riders on their bikes longer is sure to catch on. And after a few years feeling out the market, fat bikes—specialized frames that can hold a tire meaty enough to tackle snow—are taking over the terrain in the West.

Fat bikes are becoming more and more popular in Colorado; photo by Leaf Treinen

“What started as a small niche has turned into a winter phenomenon. Now we can ride bikes all year,” says Matt Hammett, a manager and buyer at Golden Bike Shop, a fat bike sales and rental leader on Colorado’s Front Range.
Golden Bike Shop sells Surly’s original Pugsley at an entry price point, but also newer models such as Salsa’s Muckluk, made for adventure riding, and the 9:Zero:7 carbon fiber line out of Alaska that offers frames with the weight and geometry for touring.
The biggest plus in newer fat bike models is they’re getting lighter. Some custom builds and the new Borealis lineout of Colorado Springs, Colorado, are weighing in at under 30 pounds. Parts and tires are easier to get, there are more models to choose from, and there are just more people out there riding fat bikes. “There’s more market acceptance. People are seeing it’s not just a passing phase,” says Hammett.
They’re now seen as a year-round bike, according to Hammett, who sold all his other bikes for a fatty. “They can be ridden anywhere.” Hammett pedals the fat bike for his 20-mile commute, on local trails including the recently expanded North Table Mountain Park trail system, adjacent to Coors Brewery in Golden, and on groomed cross-country ski trails. Colorado ski resorts are jumping on board, too, many now allowing fat biking alongside Nordic skiing and snowshoeing.

Fat Bikes East Side Epic Race; photo by Leaf Treinen

Tire pressure is everything on a fat bike and can change the riding experience drastically, says Darren Broome, a former Hawaii-based Army guy and current co-owner of Aloha Mountain Cyclery in Carbondale, Colorado, near Aspen. It’s what allows a fat bike to transition from hard-pack snow to desert sand to paved paths all on the same frame.
“The most technical stuff I’ve ever climbed was on my fat bike,” Broome says. So while you give up a little speed and acceleration, the obstacles you can tackle on a fat bike are amazing, he says. Fat bikes also require that you check speed on descents, reminds Broome, since the fat tires on a rigid frame create a suspension-like quality but can get a little “rowdy and bouncy and have a basketball-like effect” if a rider is not in control.

Fat bikes are being used by Colorado residents year-round; photo by Leaf Treinen

In Roaring Fork Valley, Broome and buddies ride packed trails on the lower section of Prince Creek when the snow falls. He says up to two inches of fresh snow is doable on a climb and three on a descent, but anything more than that can make for an ultra-demanding ride. Conditions are critical—test snow that’s too variable early season and you’ll post-hole. If you test snow that’s too icy late season, you’ll slide.
Sterling Mudge appreciates just that kind of challenge. He lives in Leadville, Colorado, the highest elevation incorporated city in the U.S., where it snows a lot and stays snowy for a long time. He counts eight friends who currently ride fat bikes. “Between the snowmobile club, Colorado Mountain College, Mt. Massive Golf Course, Tennessee Pass Nordic Center and the Mineral Belt Trail, our options can’t be beat,” says Mudge, who started a local fat bike race series that’s gaining traction and turning heads.

Fat Bikes Mineral Belt Mayham race; photo by Leaf Treinen

When asked about the “silly” stigma still attached to fat bikes, Mudge says, “There are funnier-looking things out there—take, for example, snow blades. If you like riding bikes you will most likely enjoy riding a fat bike—on snow, sand or dirt.”
I don’t know about you, but I’m taking my lead from the locals. I’m ready to get over it and get on with the fun of fat biking.

 

Read More →